Overview

Diabetes is a chronic metabolic disorder affecting millions worldwide. This article aims to provide an overview of diabetes, its causes, symptoms, and effective management strategies.

What is Diabetes?

Diabetes occurs when the body cannot produce or effectively use insulin, leading to high blood sugar levels. There are two main types:

1. Type 1 Diabetes: An autoimmune disease where the pancreas stops producing insulin.

2. Type 2 Diabetes: Insulin resistance and impaired insulin production.

Causes and Risk Factors:

– Genetics

– Obesity

– Physical inactivity

– Unhealthy diet

– Age (45+)

– Family history

Symptoms:

– Increased thirst and urination

– Fatigue

– Blurred vision

– Slow healing wounds

– Tingling or numbness in hands/feet

Diagnosis:

– Fasting Plasma Glucose (FPG) test

– Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT)

– Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) test

Management Strategies:

1. Healthy Diet: Balanced carbohydrate, protein, and fiber intake.

2. Regular Exercise: Aerobic and strength-training activities.

3. Medications: Oral hypoglycemics, insulin therapy.

4. Monitoring: Regular blood glucose checks.

5. Lifestyle Changes: Stress management, quitting smoking.

Complications:

– Cardiovascular disease

– Nerve damage

– Kidney damage

– Vision impairment

Conclusion:

Early detection and effective management can help individuals with diabetes lead active, healthy lives. Consult a healthcare professional for personalized guidance.

Disclaimer:

This article is for informational purposes only and should not replace medical consultation.